Maize is a principal crop and main staple food in Mozambique.  It is cultivated on approximately 1.5 million hectares with an average yield less than 1 t ha^-1. Major constraints to maize production include disease, insect pests, drought and poor soil fertility. Primary attention is given to breeding for stable yield potential, followed by resistance to maize streak virus, downy mildew, leaf blights, rusts, stem and ear rots.  Special attention is given to the breeding for quality protein maize (QPM), selection for hard grain texture (flintiness), earliness (drought avoidance), tolerance to drought and efficient use of soil N.  A national maize breeding program was successfully reestablished, both in terms of program activities and in terms of breeding material. Intra- and inter-population improvement approaches are being applied.  Maize germplasm from CIMMYT with tolerance to drought and low soil N was introduced and evaluated and 20 populations are undergoing evaluation in 11 diverse locations. Three varieties have been selected for release.  Approximately 650 inbred lines with favorable agronomic traits were introduced and evaluated for local adaption. Six new populations resistant to maize streak virus and downy mildew and with hard grain texture and QPM endosperm modification are under multi-location testing throughout the contry. Seed was also sent to several programs of neighboring countries. A new QPM variety, Sussuma, was released and two tons of foundation seed produced. Part of this seed was sent to 16 African countries.  A wide range of maize genotypes was tested by the Mozambiquan maize breeding program, and collaborative linkages fostered with crop breeders in other countries.